| ID | 4.2.8 |
| Title | Prioritized List of Alternatives, plausibility and dealing with imperfect situations |
| Expert | Herma van Kranenburg (TELIN) Niels Snoeck (TELIN) |
| Priority | low |
| Description | Prioritizing enablers shall provide a prioritized list of alternatives. The SPICE platform should be able to provide plausible and usable information instead of "just" correct information. Hence a single unit of context information should include a "relevance score" element that describes how relevant the provided information is to a certain end-user, group, or service. The SPICE components will aim to predict plausible information on the user intentions and needs (eg by combining derived knowledge with additional contextual sources like schedule information and by using activity modelling).It is likely that in this process the SPICE platform should be able to interpret vague, uncertain, or incomplete contextual information. Also the SPICE platform may be able to disambiguate superfluous and contradicting information from multiple context sources during the context aggregation process |
| Rationale | The output of these context sources will consist of a prioritized list of alternatives, and each context source will keep track of the alternative selected by the end-user, in an attempt to build a model of the end-user's usage of recommendations. Moreover, additional contextual information that can be relevant to the end-user's needs (or what he actually needs, "plausible") is gathered, such that the output is even more customized to the end-user, and such that the most suitable action can be triggered. For example, if a person in a wheelchair is asking for directions, do not recommend a route including a staircase.The prioritized list of alternatives can both be alternative services eg prioritised on likely most interesting for the user, and knowledge alternatives eg prioritised on most likely to correctly describe the yet-to-come situation.Uncertainty and vagueness should be depicted by meta-information ("level of confidence") that is included with the output of a context source. ("QoC"). Ambiguity issues may arise if multiple context information sources provide the same type of information. |
| Type | non-functional |
| Depends on | |
| Child dependencies | |
| Environment | |
| Other_info | eT6: When the user diverges from the route, a usable new route guidance will direct him from the now-new position onwards. eT8: Once the user is in the area of interest, information services that are possibly interesting to him, such as hotel room availability, eating places can be pushed to him. eT9: User interests are inferred from his behaviour; what does the system consider to be of potential interest to the user. Also the floor plan and route guidance from the PF incorporates physical information of one of the family members sitting in a wheelchair, and hence the plausible and usable route assistance does not include using staircases. eT7: When GPS information is used for successive position determinations; when the user stops at a mall and spends his time inside, the accuracy & reliability of GPS coordinates is likely to deteriorate and the measurement may even stop if not enough satellites are in sight of the receiver; hence uncertain and/or incomplete position information needs to be dealt with. eT9: When the user has stopped moving, it may be derived he has an interest in a particular painting; it could also be he is simply tired and taking a rest; or met an acquaintance with whom he is talking. eT7: Various location sources (GPS, cell-ID, WI-FI, sensors, etc) yield (successive) position information of the end-user; while the requester only needs one piece of (successive) position information. The various location sources may deliver position information that contradicts each other, and very likely they are of different quality, like freshness (time stamp) and accuracy. In order not to be relying on a best 'educated guess' method, a quality of information (QoC) measure can be used to add a kind of meta-data to the contextual information, depicting reliability, freshness, accuracy. |
| Category | open market;enterprise;technical;user |
| Subcategory | |
| Subcategory2 | |
| Scenario_scene | unified.scene5 unified.scene7 |
| SPICE_value | (seamless) service adaptation;service matching;service roaming |
| Demo | |
| Keywords | knowledge;user;alternatives;plausability;adaptation;imperfection;situation |
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